Transmission of Hadith ‘When the Fetus Is Born’

28-3-2023 | IslamWeb

Question:

Concerning a HadeethAl-Bukhari reported: Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “When a person is born, Satan remains hidden from him. If one remembers Allah Almighty, he will leave. If one does not remember Allah, he will remain fixed over his heart.”I tried to search for the (above) hadeeth in Sahih al-Bukhari but I couldn’t find it.Which Hadeeth Collection is this hadeeth (above) found in and where in it, for example which book and hadeeth number.Did Al-Bukhari really report the hadeeth or a sahaba. Can you tell me who narrated/reported it.
Answer:

All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) is His slave and Messenger.

The report you quoted is not a Prophetic Hadith, maintaining that though it is recorded in Saheeh Al-Bukhari, it is a Mawqoof Hadith (i.e., its chain of transmission stops at Ibn ʿAbbas may Allaah be pleased with him– which means it is a statement of Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allaah be pleased with him, and not a saying of the Prophet).

Al-Bukhari may Allaah have mercy upon him  has narrated it in Kitab At-Tafaseer particularly Chapter "Allahu As-Samad", and Surah Qul A’oodhu bi Rabbi An-Naas [Quran 114]. He narrates fromIbn ʿAbbas may Allaah be pleased with him that he said, “When the fetus is delivered, the devil touches it. When Allah, the Exalted, is mentioned, it withdraws. But, if Allah, the Almighty, is not mentioned, it would couch at the heart of the son of Adam.” [End of quote]

In his Fath Al-Bari, ibn Hajar may Allaah have mercy upon him said, “The chain of transmission of this Hadith to Ibn ʿAbbas may Allaah be pleased with him is weak. This report is narrated by At-Tabari and Al-Hakim may Allaah have mercy upon him and its chain of transmission includes Hakim ibn Jubayr may Allaah have mercy upon him a weak narrator.

The Hadith is narrated with the following wording, 'No fetus is born unless the retreating whisperer couches on its heart. So, if Allah, the Exalted, is mentioned, it would withdraw; otherwise, it would whisper.' We have also narrated it in Chapter Adh-Dhikr on the authority of Jaʿfar ibn Ahmed ibn Faris may Allaah have mercy upon him with another chain of transmission also attributed to Ibn ʿAbbas may Allaah be pleased with him stressing that this Isnaad includes Muhammad ibn Humayd Ar-Razi may Allaah have mercy upon him. It reads, 'The devil places its mouth on the heart of the son of Adam. So, if he neglects observance of the Dhikr of Allah, it would whisper; otherwise, it would retreat and withdraw.' Scholars disagree on the authenticity of this chain of transmission. Saʿeed ibn Mansoor may Allaah have mercy upon him furthermore narrated it in another way on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbas may Allaah be pleased with him with the following wording, 'Whenever the son of Adam is born, the devil couches on its heart. So, if it becomes thoughtful and mentions the Name of Allah, the devil would retreat; otherwise, it would whisper.”

Allah knows best.

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